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13. Summarize and Locate Places Review the map above. Write a paragraph summarizing the significance of post-World War I mandates in the Middle East. Consider how the mandates were divided into independent nations, and identify and locate these countries on the above map. How were the borders of the new nations drawn up, and why did this cause tensions? What role did Gamal Abdel Nasser play in Arab nationalism?
14. Explain Write a paragraph explaining conflict between Arab nations and the State of Israel. Consider the 1947 United Nations plan for division of Palestine into Arab and Jewish states, who accepted the plan and who rejected it, Israeli independence and Arab reaction, and the status of Palestinians after Israel won independence. Why does the Arab-Israeli conflict continue today?
15. Summarize Impact Write a paragraph summarizing the impact of Palestinian terrorism in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Consider the impact of the peace talks in 1993 Oslo Accords between the Palestinians and Israelis; how radical Islamists, like Hamas, affect the peace process; and some of the obstacles to peace concerning Palestinian and Jewish claims to the same territory. What has happened to nations who try to intervene?

16. Summarize the Reasons Write a paragraph about the political, religious, and ethnic divisions in the conflicts of the Middle East. Consider poverty in the Middle East and power seized by military leaders, and conflicts between Islamists and secularists. How did the Arab Spring pro-democracy movements in 2011 affect Egypt and other countries? Based on the quotation below, what do women hope to gain from these movements?

    “I grew up in a world where we believed we could not do anything … Generations believed we could do nothing, and now, in a matter of weeks, we know that we can.”

17. Write about the Essential Question Write an essay on the Essential Question: What should governments do? Use evidence from your study of this Topic to support your answer.

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